Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Rumored Hype on Mental Health Essay Samples Discovered

Rumored Hype on Mental Health Essay Samples Discovered Without a doubt there's a deep association between Mental Health and socio financial inequality. Other federal departments also provide programs which promote mental wellness. Anyway, it's particularly interesting to study in forensic mental wellness counseling because the study offers abundant opportunities to handle very intriguing or extreme cases can hardly be encountered in traditional mental wellness counseling. Several surveys are conducted by numerous organizations to decide on the overall position on mental health parity. Employers also argue it would raise the expense of health insurance as it would call for equal treatment for trivial issues like jet lag, academic difficulties and spiritual crises. Discrimination is often witnessed within the key care facilities, and shortage of adequate knowledge by practitioners affects patient's treatment practice. Mental and physical disabilities are connected because it's a component of a person's health. The Benefits of Mental Health Essay Samples Hiring someone to write a college essay is such a superior method to acquire an exceptional result when you speak about a personalized essay. You should have skills to compose a very good essay. To come across argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you want to comprehend about the argumentative essay. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. The Basic Facts of Mental Health Essay Samples A large part of people may have surprisingly forgotten that it's unnatural to at all times be around a friend. The main target of prisons is to make sure that the staff and inmates are secure. Ten to fifteen percent of those who have borderline are thought to take their own life. The issue of mental disorders is extremely rampant and scary because only few men and women have the ability to acknowledge they have an issue and can take time to find medical assistance. The Unexposed Secret of Mental Health Essay Samples Cancer is a disease that's brought on by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells within the body. Diabetes is another type of physical illness are there are several kinds of diabetes. Treatment for diabetes is contingent on the kind of diabetes the individual has. It is indispensable to learn about the qualities of the disorder under investigation. The kind of treatment given is dependent on the presence or absence of various indications or symptoms. This disease might be fatal if the individual gets suicidal. When someone has the mixture of a bodily and mental illness, their diagnosis is twice as serious as an individual with just one of the 2 illnesses. Things You Won't Like About Mental Health Essay Samples and Things You Will In most instances, individuals aren't quick to know the issues affecting them. To guarantee a prosperous assessment, quiet and pleasant environment is necessary. The human brain is to blame for coordinating many functions of the human body. Some parts may specialize in providing innovative therapy alternatives for patients based on their affordability and the form of illness. The end result was awfully the very same for a lot of the teens. There might be companies that seem very attractive to would be empl oyees, but when they start studying the benefit plans on offer, and what might or might not be guaranteed they may choose to stay where they are as moving to some other company might be unable to give them with the security and benefits they seek. With a scarcity of benefits extended by a new company there's no surprise that employees with the essential skills required for some jobs, stay with the company that are working with and ride out any indecision that it's possible they have to the point of missing out on promotion and a greater salary so seeing as they may acquire reasonable medical advantages and a great retirement package. Ensuring mentally ill individuals get the care they need is a continuous battle. In some instances it is an issue of understanding the way the patient developed the illness in the start. While special care is required for many individuals experiencing mental illness, some wonder is enough being done to guarantee proper care is provided. A mass sho oter's mental illness is frequently used as a scapegoat to ignore different factors and to demonstrate that the shooter was not normal. Seeing a counselor for many is just like admitting they have a mental illness. Depression, if untreated, can cause suicidal ideas and actions. Physical Illness is connected to your entire body and not your mind. The physical illness doesn't necessarily occur first. The Battle Over Mental Health Essay Samples and How to Win It Otherwise one you could do more damage than good and set your self in danger. While protests are useful in detracting stigma, there's very little evidence indicating them being entirely powerful. Also, as soon as a man or woman is experiencing chronic bodily conditions, they are at a higher chance of a declining mental wellbeing. A mentally healthy person is one which is properly adjusted to the emotional and behavioural demands of the crucial stresses and conflicts connected with daily living. Things You Won't Like About Mental Health Essay Samples and Things You Will Sometimes conflicts around mental wellness language unfold in a lot more public forums. One in five people utilize the help of people online via the social media sites who don't have degrees and it often results in hazardous outcomes. Scientists have yet to thoroughly study the many different words, terms and phrases associated with mental well-being.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Dualism And Personalism - 985 Words

Dualism is a philosophy that hypothesizes our mind is more then just our body. Dualists all deny that the mind is the same as the brain. In contrast Personalism is a philosophy that says our mind and body are one and the same. Personalists regard personhood as the fundamental notion that which gives meaning to all reality. We will explore their differences through their impact on abortion, death and politics. Dualism is a philosophy that in its most basic form holds that the mind is comprised of a nonphysical substance, while the body is composed of the physical substance called matter. This type of dualism is called substance dualism, or Cartesian Dualism. This type of dualism was formulated by Rene Descartes, who was†¦show more content†¦If the mind truly was a different substance then while the body dies the brain would still show some signs of life, because the mind would still be causally affecting it. Dualism and abortion. Because a dualism at its core it the belief that something is composed of two different parts, body and mind, a dualists could look at abortion two ways. The first way is that because the mind and body a different and only causally interact, then abortion does not end the life and so should not be considered murder. The second way is that because the mind and body ARE causally affecting one another then because you hurt one half it affects the other and a harmful way and should be considered and harmful act and outlawed. Because body and mind are one and the same both these views are wrong just on principle, but if we delve deeper the view that abortion end the life and thus shouldnt be considered murder is obviously the more harmful of the two. But it is especially harmful because this view separates the mind from the body and thus supports the pro abortionists view that the baby is just a bunch of cells and isnt sentient. And the second view is harmful, b ut not quite as harmful as the first. The second view marginalizes what happens during abortion, by saying that because the mind is causally affected by what happens to the body that the act is harmful is different then saying the actShow MoreRelatedBook Report on Apology Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle. The metaphysics of Socrates is soft dualism, since he acknowledges the material world and its role towards the transcendent, God. The epistemology is moderate realism where sensible world is knowable and knowledge of transcendent-intelligible reality inferred from sense knowledge of physical world. The ethics are of Natural Law where the sense world is valued as ordered to the spiritual realm. The philosophy of Human Nature is soul-body dualism where both: human body and soul are acknowledgedRead MoreRene Descartes: The Personalist vs. the Naturalist Viewpoint1203 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes 1596-1650 Mathematician, philosopher, and writer. Separated body from thought and that the thought used the brain in order to transfer action to body. Without thought there is no existence ergo, â€Å"I think, therefore I am†. Believed in dualism. Whereas the mind was a non-material object that did not follow any of the laws of nature. The mind would interact with the body by way of a gland in the brain. Descartes was working in a time where many mechanical items were being built which gaveRead MoreHistorical Roots Of Humanism And Modern Psychology Essay2227 Words   |  9 Pagesidentified as the founding grounds for the concept of humanism. Besides phenomenology and existentialism, the role of Eastern philosophy and psychology cannot be underscored in tracing the origin of humanism. This is also graced by philosophies of personalism from the then Judao-Christians. One common thing in all these concepts is that they have a similar concern regarding the consciousness and existence of human beings. In the context of forces existing in the field of philosophy, humanism is branded

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Wedding - Original Writing - 845 Words

The Wedding Long ago, in the Southern elf kingdom, lived a young elf named Arodir, but everyone called him Aaron. Ever since he was born, his parents, the king and queen, were planning on who their son should marry. They soon heard of a beautiful princess from a far kingdom in the North. She was tall, thin, well mannered, and very sophisticated. Her name was Nindes. Aaron s parent s loved hearing about this young lady and thought their son would too. While his parents were away, he went out in search of a bride himself. He found a commoner s girl in the village square. She was tall, beautiful, kind, and very polite. While she was volunteering at the local orphanage, he decided to talk to her. As the children took their nap, they†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Son,† his father began, â€Å"You need not worry yourself over a commoner. It is against our custom for a royal to marry a peasant!† His mother interjected, â€Å"Not only that, we already found you a bride!† She said happily. â€Å"Her name is N†¦Ni†¦oh what was her name?† â€Å"Nindes, dear.† His father replied. â€Å"If it is alright with you, I do not wish to - â€Å" â€Å"Now Arodir, your father and I have already made up our mind. Now if you will excuse us.† Aaron’s parents then retired to their bed chamber. Aaron, who followed his parents decisions, sulked in his room and thought to himself, â€Å"What if I don’t enjoy being with Nindes like I do with Nina?† Although overcome by his worries, he trusted his parents and their decision for his marriage to the princess. That Saturday, Nina and Aaron spent the whole day together. During lunch, Aaron told Nina, â€Å"I am to marry Princess Nindes of the North Kingdom, but I am afraid I won’t enjoy being with her as much as I do with you.† Nina started to giggle at his statement but Aaron didn t notice. As the day went on, Nina noticed Aaron was distracted and didn’t pay attention to her while she was talking. â€Å"Are you even listening to what I’m saying, Aaron?† Nina started getting impatient. â€Å"I-I’m sorry Nina,† Aaron stated sheepishly, â€Å"I’m getting so worked up about marrying the princess I guess I didn’t hear what you said.† â€Å"I said, ‘I need to get going.’ It’s getting late and my parents will start to worry.† â€Å"Wait! I-.â€Å" Aaron wanted

Friday, May 15, 2020

Teens And Smoking Essay - 1572 Words

Teens and Smoking Abstract Cigarette smoking is of interest to the National Institute on Drug Abuse both because of the public health problems associated with this form of substance abuse and because this behavior represents a prototypic dependence process. In the past few years the government has made every effort to reach the masses, in an attempt to curb the exploitation of tobbacco use, and its acceptance among Americas Youngsters. However, cigarette smoking among adolescents is on the rise. The premise that the behavior of adolescents is influenced by the behavior of their parents is central to many considerations of health and social behavior (Ausubel, Montemayor, amp; Svajiian, 1977; Bandura amp; Walters, 1963). Many young†¦show more content†¦Yet, even though teenagers sometimes smoke to gain independence, and to be part of the crowd parental influence plays the strongest role as to whether or their children will smoke, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), 1991. Children are exposed to and influenced by the parents, siblings, and the media long before peer pressure will become a factor. Mothers should not smoke during pregnancy, nicotine, which crosses the placental barrier, may affect the female fetus during an important period of development so as to predispose the brain to the addictive influence of nicotine. Prenatal exposure to smoking has previously been linked with impairments in memory, learning, cognition, and perception in the growing child. (National Institute of Drug Abuse, 1995) Subsequent follow-up after 12 years suggest that regardless of the amount or duration of current or past maternal smoking, the strongest correlation between maternal smoking and a daughters smoking occurred when the mother smoked during pregnancy. NIDA also reported that of 192 mothers and their first born adolescents with a mean age of 12 1/2, the analysis revealed that 26.6% of the girls whose mother smoked while pregnant had smoked in the past year. The 1991 smoking prevalence estimate of 25.7% is virtually no different from the previous years estimate of 25.5%. If current trends persist, we will not meet oneShow MoreRelated Teen Smoking Essay764 Words   |  4 Pages Tobacco Advertising and its dangerous effects on young people. Tobacco Advertising Makes Young People Their Chief Target nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Everyday 3,000 children start smoking, most them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers. In fact, 90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first lit up as teenagers (Roberts). These statistics clearly show that young people are the prime target in the tobacco wars. The cigarette manufacturersRead More Teen Smoking Essay540 Words   |  3 Pages One of the largest issues today is adolescent smoking. According to a heath based website, nearly 90% of adult smokers start while they are still teens and they never intend to get hooked. They may start by bumming a cigarette or two from a friend at a party, and then go on to buying an occasional pack. Soon they realize that they cant go without that pack. Theyve gotten used to reaching for a cigarette first thing in the morning, after meals, or during any stressful time. They become addictedRead MoreSmoking Among Teens2694 Words   |  11 PagesTopic: Smoking Thesis: Smoking among teens has been increasing in an alarming rate. What are the effects on cigarette advertising has on the teenagers and the numerous ways to quit smoking. Related Issues: 1. Reasons why teens pick up the habit of smoking 2. The Effects of Tobacco Advertisement 3. The numerous reasons people give up smoking 4. The Health benefits of quitting 5. Numerous Steps to quitting TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Abstract pg 3 2. Introduction pg 4 3. LiteratureRead MoreEssay on Teen Smoking is Bad1074 Words   |  5 PagesDeaths caused by smoking have reached epidemic proportions. In the United States alone, 430,000 people die annually from smoking-related illnesses such as cancers and lung disease. Stephen Jay, chair of the Department of Public Health at Indiana University School of Medicine, states that tobacco’s â€Å"human toll far exceeds the Black Death of the 14th century, the global influenza pandemic of 1918–19, and the modern tragedy of HIV-AIDS.† Health care advocates, concerned about tobacco-related deathsRead MoreTeen Smoking : By Chris Woolston950 Words   |  4 PagesWhile the article text written about Teen Smoker. I found that, today, as months turn into days and days into hours, the population of teen smokers dramatically increases. Apparently, there is enough material that helps to expound on this thesis. The author gives sufficient data about how teen smokers are increasing among youths citing ample convincing evidence from prior researches. He also gives the causes of the augmentation of the smoking behavior among teens and effective ways through which theRead MoreTeen Smoking : Education And Prevention1146 Words   |  5 Pages Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Virginia Western Community College Jessica Baise Assessment Public Health Problem Tobacco use usually begins during youth and young adulthood. Every day in the United States, more than 3,800 youth under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette. (Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults , n.d.) The progress of smoking occasionally to smoking every day is due to the highly addictive drug called nicotine. There are several reasonsRead MoreKentuckys Youth and Teen Smoking1020 Words   |  5 Pagesrevenue from tobacco taxes to fund smoking cessation programs, and improve the quality of anti-smoking advertising campaigns. Teenagers normally function financially on a very fixed income, commonly working part time for minimum wage. With cigarette prices at $4.50 per pack a high school student can afford to smoke regularly, but when you double that price a student will think twice about the value of cigarettes. With the numerous health risks associated with smoking, buying cigarettes at any priceRead MoreTeen Smoking : Education And Prevention Essay3239 Words   |  13 Pages1 Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Virginia Western Community College Jessica Baise Assessment Public Health Problem Tobacco use usually begins during youth and young adulthood. Every day in the United States, more than 3,800 youth under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette. (Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults , n.d.) The progress of smoking occasionally to smoking every day is due to the highly addictive drugRead MoreThe Addiction Of Cigarettes And Teen Smoking894 Words   |  4 Pagesdue to peer pressure. Smoking was my way of building social relationships. However, soon I was smoking more or an equal amount of cigarettes than my friends. Since the age of 19, I have been smoking twenty cigarettes a day, which is a pack of cigarettes daily. My addiction to cigarettes is a problem because it is affecting my health. I become fatigued due to smoking. When I do not smoke, I become stressed. Smoking also damages my cardio-respiratory system. In addition, smoking is affecting me economicallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking On Teens Ability On Learning2910 Words   |  12 P agesIntroduction Smoking has been a controversial topic ever since the 20th century. According to U.S Department of Health and Human, smoking has been recognized as the leading preventable cause of death in the United States in which 443,000 deaths are caused by intended active smoke and passive second-hand smoke each year. In addition, smokers are considered to be more likely to develop many diseases including coronary heart disease, respiratory disease, and lung cancer, and therefore tobacco use costs

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Toyota Compensation and Benefits - 792 Words

Toyota Compensation and Benefits Trends in Human Resources Management Teresa Hall U8a1 Instructor: John Devellier Toyota Motor Corporation has never faced an issue with their employee compensation and benefits packages. Part of their philosophy has been people are their greatest asset and they treat them as such by paying them a good salary and empowering their employees. How can they attract top talent? Well even the top executives at Toyota do not make a seven figure salary. Wages are determined with a fair market value in mind, but it is the â€Å"me† versus â€Å"we† attitude that drives Toyotas success. Describe the formal pay structure†¦show more content†¦Toyota believes in â€Å"green† and that is passed on to its employees by making them socially aware of establishing a low carbon society. There is no waste of any kind at Toyota and sometimes that means eliminating positions and tasks that may potentially harm the environment. But that does not mean that the employee is discarded along the way. They are just retrained into another job. Describe any current issues faced by the organization as they relate to compensation and benefits. The current recession has made Toyota consider the â€Å"unthinkable† for them and that is laying people off. In previous articles this has never been an issue for Toyota as people are their most valuable asset. They have managed to avoid it thus far by reducing man hours, moving people to different operations and rethinking their benefit packages. They are in favor of tailoring an individual benefit plan instead of offering the comprehensive group plans they now offer. References: Kentent. (2009). Toyota production system. Retrieved from http://kentent.hubpages.com/hub/Toyota-Production-System Miller, J., Novak, V. (2008, December 11). Auto worker salaries. Retrieved from http://www.factcheck.org/2008/12/auto-worker-salaries/ Toyota. (2003). Toyota environmental and social report. Retrieved from http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/environmental_rep/03/jyugyoin03.html Toyota. (n.d.). Toyota motor corporation. Retrieved fromShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Of Toyota s Strategic Management1714 Words   |  7 Pageshas since the last two decades rise to a level of dominance in the auto-motive industry. Toyota is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan and is the largest producers of automobile in Japan as well as the second largest in the world. Toyota has aimed in produce similar quality products as its competitors but at a lower cost which has been the basis of its strategy. Theories of strategies are continuously utilized by Toyota, which has lead the company to be the cost and strategy leader it is today. Strategy canRead MoreToyota Uses The Hoshin Kanri Strategy System846 Words   |  4 PagesToyota uses the Hoshin Kanri strategy system. It is similar to the managing by objectives (MBO) strategy except the difference between the two is that Hoshin focuses on processes and results whereas and MBO solely focuses on results. This is the reason why many compa nies are not able to be as successful as Toyota. With an MBO system, performance appraisals focus managers’ attention on the wrong thing: individual people. Focusing on results led to management by top-down targets and fear (Liker).Read MoreLearning to Lead at Toyota1601 Words   |  7 PagesI. Executive Summary Toyota is one of the world’s largest car manufacturers which have a better approach on developing their product and management’s quality, reliability, productivity, cost reduction, sales and market share growth, and market capitalization. It is one thing to realize that the Toyota Production System (TPS) is a system of nested experiments which operations are constantly improved also known as Kaizen. It is another from TPS to have an organization in which employees and managersRead MoreOrganizational Image : An Organization805 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, it is up to Human Resource (HR) management to understand what is most valued by these workers and balance it with the employers’ expectations. In many cases, HR will have to adapt their incentives, benefits and retention strategies for workers that are only driven by financial compensation. It will not be enough simply to recruit able staff. Companies, ie HR, will have to make sure that their people are com mitted, productive and do not leave after a short period , incurring substantial turnoverRead MoreTraining And Development Efforts Help Employees989 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore, it is up to Human Resource (HR) management to understand what is most valued by these workers and balance it with the employers’ expectations. In many cases, HR, will have to adapt their incentives, benefits and retention strategies for workers that are only driven by financial compensation. It will not be enough simply to recruit able staff. Companies, i.e. HR, will have to make sure that their people are committed, productive and do not leave after a short period , incurring substantial turnoverRead MoreToyota Case Study Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesLife in the Fast Lane? Overview: The Toyota Production System has long been hailed and admired as the source of Toyota’s outstanding performance as a manufacturer. TPS aims to eliminate waste, reduce defects and maximize flow. TPS aims to increase efficiency and productivity by employing a unique production system that cuts costs through continuous improvement. Long term goal is to yield sharp reductions in product development and manufacturing lead times. Toyota want to be the industry best and theyRead MoreToyotas Objectives in Global Automotive Industry1185 Words   |  5 PagesAutomotive Research study shows. The majority of those jobs are in supplier and related industries. About 6.6 million jobs are connected to automotive manufacturing and new vehicle sales. This generates more than $240 billion in annual private sector compensation. (Automakers Drive U.S. Economy on Many Different Levels, New Study Show, 2003) The following is the findings of the study Contribution of The Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy: *The auto industry is responsible for more than 100,000Read MoreCase Study : Puente Hills Toyota Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesPuente Hills Toyota Background and History Hitchcock Automotive Services owns Puente Hills Toyota (PHT), which is a privately held company. In addition to, Hitchcock Automotive Services owning Puente Hills Toyota, they also own two other Toyota dealerships, a Volkswagen, Ford, Hyundai, and BMW dealership, all located in California. Puente Hills Toyota was a large Toyota dealership with about $85 million in annual sales. PHT employs around 145 employees and was awarded several excellent performanceRead MoreAnalysis for Toyota Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesContent 1. Introduction 2 2. Ownership advantages 3 2.1 Toyota Production System (TPS) and Just-In-Time (JIT) management 3 2.2 Resource – based view: core competencies of Toyota 4 3. Internalization advantages 6 4. Location advantages 7 4. Conclusion 8 References 9 Appendix 10 1. Introduction As the leading auto manufacturing company, Toyota is not only the symbol of Japan, but also the one of the best business models for MNCs expansion overseas. Since the company was establishedRead MoreHuman Resource Management Policies and Practices That Can Support Business Strategies and Contribute to Improved Performance of the Organization4241 Words   |  17 Pagesand Selection (Toyota) 6 2.2. Training and Professional Development (Singapore Airlines) 15 2.3. Performance Management (Quantum) 18 2.4. Employee Benefits and Compensation ExxonMobil 19 2.4.1. Salary amp; Compensation: 20 2.4.2. Additional Benefits 21 3.0. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 21 Bibliography 23 Table of Figures Figure 1 Recruitment and Selection Process 7 Figure 2 Job Analysis Model 9 Figure 3 Toyota Sales Result 2010 12 Figure 4 Toyota Recruitment Process

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Pollution Of Fossil Fuels - 1651 Words

The world is currently run on decayed plants and animals that have been transformed into crude oil, coal, and natural gas, by exposure to heat and pressure over millions of years. These materials are known today as fossil fuels, and they produce 84% of all energy created in the United States (Suplee 2014). Although these sources are extensively used, they have a limited supply, eventually they will run out. Even with new extraction methods such as fracking and offshore drilling the deposits of fossil fuels in the world will diminish because of the extreme rate at which they are being used. There is much speculation as to when the Earth will be sucked dry, but whether it’s 10 years from now or 1000, the threat still looms. However, there is a much greater problem fossil fuels pose that already affects everyone today. The burning of crude oil, coal, and natural gas to create energy cause pollution that affects the atmosphere, the water, and the health of everyone. The smog that comes from the smokestacks at power plants fills the air with more carbon dioxide than nature can balance out. This excess carbon dioxide interferes with the atmosphere and pokes holes in the ozone which is the major cause of global warming. Over the next 100 years it is likely the global temperature will rise by 11 degrees (Suplee 2014). Not only are temperatures rising but the emissions are mixing with rainwater creating acid rain. This mixture of water and toxins pollutes water which harms trees,Show MoreRelatedPollution Of Fossil Fuels And Deforestation Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesNitrous Oxide (NO2) and Fluorinated gasses (EPA, 2012). The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation by incineration are common sources of atm ospheric CO2 emissions, since growing forests are being incinerated it rules out the chance of any plant removing carbon dioxide by photosynthesis (VanLoon Duffy, 2011, p. 182). Coal being burnt in a power station or a car running on petrol are examples for combustion of fossil fuels by humans. Ozone depletion is the depletion of the Ozone layer by theRead MoreEssay on Fossil Fuel Leads to Pollution 560 Words   |  3 Pagesarena for fuel. Human life is largely dependent on material things. These material things are produced and transported with the help of fuel driven mediums, but fuel is largely amassed in very few countries of the world especially middle- East countries. With the growth of the economy and consumption, the governments of many countries of the world are striving hard to find an alternative to the fossil fuel which is slow gradually depleting .Moreover, the fossil fuel leads to pollution and bad effectsRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 PagesFossil Fuels and Their Impact on the Environment The amount of fossil fuels being deposited into the air should be controlled. Not only do fossil fuels pose a threat to the environment, but also to human health. The problem is not only noticeable in the depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. VehiclesRead More Environmental Impacts of Fossil Fuel Use Essay606 Words   |  3 PagesEnvironmental Impacts of Fossil Fuel Use One of the main issues involved with fossil fuels are the environmental impacts that occur from their use. These problems; such as acid rain, oil spills, climate change, global warming, etc., are not only occurring with fossil fuel usage, but are also increasing due to the increase in the use of fossil fuels. This essay will vaguely explain the area of environmental impacts from fossil fuel use, and will attempt to change, or further increase your understandingRead MoreAir Pollution Due to Transportation1010 Words   |  5 PagesAir Pollution due to Transportation Recently there has been a great emphasis in the media on pollution. In general, it seems that governments and citizens are becoming more aware of the impacts of pollution worldwide. One of the most significant forms of pollution is air pollution. Air pollution is a major concern. Transportation is the 3rd major contributor to air pollution. Air pollution caused by cars and airplanes do a lot more damage to the world than most people are aware of. Education isRead MoreAlternative Energy Can Effectively Replace Fossil Fuels1227 Words   |  5 PagesAlternative Energy Can Effectively Replace Fossil Fuels In the U.S. alone, carbon dioxide emission levels have risen thirty percent since 2005. If the emissions continue to rise at this pace, the temperature of the Earth may rise by at most, thirteen degrees. Temperatures rising to that height could cause chaos across the world. With more and more people burning fossil fuels every day, this unfortunate future is likely to occur. Fortunately, using pollution free alternative energy could alter thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution990 Words   |  4 PagesAir pollution should be addressed more seriously, because it is the deadliest of pollutions killing millions of per year around the world. The pollutants in our environment are mainly caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Air pollution has a massive impact on the environment. It also has an negative impact on the human body. Air pollution can be prevented by performing many simple tasks. Air pollution is extremely dangerous to the human body and the environment and should be d ealt with more seriouslyRead MoreIssues Of Society : North American Environmental Pollution918 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Pollution Effects These days, there are up to 500 chemicals in an average human body that were not found in humans before 1920.1 Several forms of environmental pollution have the ability to intoxicate human bodies with unwanted chemicals. Pollution exists when the environment cannot break down or eliminate an object without creating negative effects. Intoxicating bodies is just one of the several harmful effects that pollution has, specifically, in North America. Pollution causes otherRead MoreEssay about Energy and the Environment: Fossil Fuels511 Words   |  3 PagesEnergy and the Environment: Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels are one of the most important things on this planet to the human race. Without fossil fuels we wouldnt have todays current means of transportation, we would have less heating for the general population, energy uses would be more expensive, and overall the economy and the world would not be able to sustain themselves. Even still, the fact that fossil fuels are on this planet will never change, but how we use them and what impacts their useRead MorePollution, A Silent Death922 Words   |  4 PagesAws Alwattar Ms. White AP Biology May 19, 2015 Pollution, a silent death Imagine a world without pollution. A globe that’s free and open with clean and fresh air. Now this may sound like the perfect world to many, but to others it sounds impossible. It takes a lot to make it happen and there are many steps before reaching that perfect world. Pollution has many factors, from litter, garbage and plastics to oil spills, urban air and greenhouse gasses. Things like this cause natural disasters and environment

Sociology and Emile Durkheim - 2640 Words

Compare and contrast the theories and methods of Emile Durkheim and Max Weber regarding social behavior. 1.Introduction Emile Durkheim and Max Weber are founding fathers of sociology and outstanding sociologists who made great contributions to the development of sociology and progress of human beings. Previous studies have been done about the theories and methods of Durkheim and Weber, and their works have also been studied for many times from different viewpoints, such as the nature of human and social world, their mutual unawareness of each other and so on. However, few studies have been done to compare and contrast their thoughts and methodologies on social behavior. This essay examines Durkheim’ and Weber’s theories and methods†¦show more content†¦Durkheim made attempts to figure out whether human behavior was caused by social structures instead of mental state (Benton and Craib, 2001, P.25). He collected a vast array of statistics on suicide rates and he showed that suicide rates were not caused by non-social factors, such as race, genetics, mental disorder, climate, seaso n and so on. He went on to argue that suicide rate were caused by social factors such as religious faith, marital status, income and employment and so on. As suicide rates in different countries and different categories of people were different, Durkheim compared them and showed that there was a remarkable constancy Protestants had higher suicide rates than Catholics, and Catholics higher rates than Jews. By collecting statistics and comparing suicide rates in different countries, Durkheim confirmed the existence of social facts. 3.Max Weber’s theory and method regarding social behavior Max Weber (1864-1920) is a German sociologist and one of the key thinkers of Interpretivism. Interpretive approaches see the ‘real world’ as being socially constructed and we interpret the world around us. Max Weber, with Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim, is regarded as one of the three founding fathers of sociology. His theory concerned with social behavior is Social Action. In the process of studying social action, Weber used Verstehen as a method and used Ideal Types as a tool. 3.1 Theory: Social ActionShow MoreRelatedEmile Durkheim s Sociology And The Implications Of Sociology1733 Words   |  7 PagesEmile Durkheim wrote extensively on sociology and the implications of sociology in our society in The Rules of the Sociological Method. More specifically, he coined the term â€Å"social facts,† which consist of â€Å"manners of acting, thinking and feeling external to the individual, which are invested with a coercive power by virtue of which they exercise control over him† (Durkheim 51). This phenomenon cannot be confused with organic phenomena (physical responses to outside stimuli, such as recoiling fromRead MoreSociology Emile Durkheim and Max Weber1495 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different perspectives on the growth of modernity. Society is constantly changing as more time passes by. People like Emile Durkheim and Max Weber both offer their own individual perspective on how the growth of modernity came about and how we have come to understand today’s society. In the 1890s period Emile Durkheim a sociologist, in France watched the transformation of society go from a ‘primitive’ stance into something more complex also known as ‘organic solidarity’. Max WeberRead MoreEmile Durkheim and The Science of Sociology Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Emile Durkheim was born in France in April of 1858 and died in November of 1917. He was from a close Jewish community that he continued to be close to even after breaking with the Jewish church. Having come from a long family line of rabbis, he had planned to follow in that profession. Durkheim was known as the Father of Sociology. He was a liberal, a modernist, and a nationalist. He was a very ambitious man; this ambition was illustrated by the accomplishments he made over theRead MoreDavid emile Durkheim: Father of Sociology1797 Words   |  8 Pages Throughout his life David Emile Durkheim managed to write about many aspects of life, however his most influential work had to do with sociology. Today he is known as the father of sociology for the innovative and revolutionary work he did. However, his works are not always easily understandable, but once understood its reach is endless. One of the questions that comes from Durkheim’s works is how the individual developed a sense of autonomy, how the individual was able to break out of the moldRead MoreEmile Durkheim, the Father of Sociology Essay2001 Words   |  9 Pagesthe ideals of how a society could be. Without Emile Durkheim, the father of sociology, sociology may not have ever reached the great attributes or been considered something worth pursuing. Durkheim was the change that people needed in order to make their society something worth changing and fighting for. Durkheim’s work had no limitations, he was able to explore every aspect of sociology that he wanted, and that is exactly what he set out to do. Durkheim realized several problems people were havingRead MoreThe Founding Fathers Of Sociology, Emile Durkheim2373 Words   |  10 PagesThis is what one of the founding fathers of sociology , Emile Durkheim , meant when he wrote in 1895 that the establishment of a sense of community is facilitated by a class of actors who carry a stigma and sense of stigmatization and are termed ‘deviant’. Unity is provided to any collectivity by uniting against those who are seen as a common threat to the social order and morality of a group. Consequently, the stigma and the stigmatization of some persons demarcates a boundary that reinforcesRead MoreAnalysis Of Emile Durkheim s Theories On Sociology And Psychology1114 Words   |  5 Pagessociologists are functionalists but for this essay I’ll be focusing more on two of the most famous people who support this idea; Bronislaw Malinowski and Émile Durkheim. The two share differences and similarities in the approaches they take depending on the groups they studied. Durkheim, a French sociologist, who is one of the founders of sociology, claimed that meaningful human practices can be understood in sociological, biological and psychological terms. Though, He puts a clear understanding asRead MoreEmile Durkheim s Theory Of The Founding Fathers Of Modern Sociology841 Words   |  4 PagesEmile Durkheim, is known as one of the founding fathers of modern sociology. Durkheim has the theory that every individual in a community, is to born to live and then die. A Durkheimian definition of community is that it has propinquity, which means residential closeness. Also has a social network where everyone in the community all know each other. Finally, a Durkheimian community must include a collective consciousness, which is when the people in the community share the same understanding of rightRead MoreThe Impacts of the Emergence of Sociology on the Works of Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max Weber1057 Words   |  4 Pagesemergence of sociology as a disci pline is a result of the social, economic, political and technological developments in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In this essay, the adequacy of this viewpoint will be analysed by pointing out these developments and highlighting their impact on the works of Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max Weber. The three are considered because they are regarded as the pioneers of sociology. Furthermore, the relevance of the early work of the above to modern sociology willRead MoreThe Theories of Emile Durkkheim Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theories of Emile Durkheim Emile Durkheim also referred to as â€Å"The Father of Sociology† (Thio, 2002), played a critical role in establishing theories based on â€Å"Social Facts† (Thio, 2002) He is best known for his views of â€Å"social reality†( Thio, 2002) and their ties into how a society works. He was said to be a sociologist who played an important part in the development of â€Å"structural functionalism† (Thio, 2002), and sociology as a whole. His four major studies, or publications, have assured

Can You Say What Your Strategy Is Free Essays

string(66) " that executives should be forced to be crystal clear about them\." www. hbr. org It’s a dirty little secret: Most executives cannot articulate the objective, scope, and advantage of their business in a simple statement. We will write a custom essay sample on Can You Say What Your Strategy Is or any similar topic only for you Order Now If they can’t, neither can anyone else. Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? by David J. Collis and Michael G. Rukstad Reprint R0804E It’s a dirty little secret: Most executives cannot articulate the objective, scope, and advantage of their business in a simple statement. If they can’t, neither can anyone else. Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? by David J. Collis and Michael G. Rukstad COPYRIGHT  © 2008 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Can you summarize your company’s strategy in 35 words or less? If so, would your colleagues put it the same way? It is our experience that very few executives can honestly answer these simple questions in the af? rmative. And the companies that those executives work for are often the most successful in their industry. One is Edward Jones, a St. Louis–based brokerage ? rm with which one of us has been involved for more than 10 years. The fourth-largest brokerage in the United States, Jones has quadrupled its market share during the past two decades, has consistently outperformed its rivals in terms of ROI through bull and bear markets, and has been a ? xture on Fortune’s list of the top companies to work for. It’s a safe bet that just about every one of its 37,000 employees could express the company’s succinct strategy statement: Jones aims to â€Å"grow to 17,000 ? nancial advisers by 2012 [from about 10,000 today] by offering trusted and convenient face-to-face ? ancial advice to conservative individual investors who delegate their ? nanharvard business review †¢ april 2008 cial decisions, through a national network of one-? nancial-adviser of? ces. † Conversely, companies that don’t have a simple and clear statement of strategy are likely to fall into the sorry category of those that have failed to execute their strategy or, worse, those that never even had one. In an as tonishing number of organizations, executives, frontline employees, and all those in between are frustrated because no clear strategy exists for the company or its lines of business. The kinds of complaints that abound in such ? rms include: †¢ â€Å"I try for months to get an initiative off the ground, and then it is shut down because ‘it doesn’t ? t the strategy. ’ Why didn’t anyone tell me that at the beginning? † †¢ â€Å"I don’t know whether I should be pursuing this market opportunity. I get mixed signals from the powers that be. † †¢ â€Å"Why are we bidding on this customer’s business again? We lost it last year, and I thought we agreed then not to waste our time chasing the contract! † page 1 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? David J. Collis (dcollis@hbs. du) is an adjunct professor in the strategy unit of Harvard Business School in Boston and the author of several books on corporate strategy. He has studied and consulted to Edward Jones, the brokerage that is the main example in this article, and has taught in the firm’s management-development program. Michael G. Ruksta d was a senior research fellow at Harvard Business School, where he taught for many years until his untimely death in 2006. †¢ â€Å"Should I cut the price for this customer? I don’t know if we would be better off winning the deal at a lower price or just losing the business. Leaders of ? rms are mysti? ed when what they thought was a beautifully crafted strategy is never implemented. They assume that the initiatives described in the voluminous documentation that emerges from an annual budget or a strategic-planning process will ensure competitive success. They fail to appreciate the necessity of having a simple, clear, succinct strategy statement that everyone can internalize and use as a guiding light for making dif? cult choices. Think of a major business as a mound of 10,000 iron ? lings, each one representing an employee. If you scoop up that many ? ings and drop them onto a piece of paper, they’ll be pointing in every direction. It will be a big mess: 10,00 0 smart people working hard and making what they think are the right decisions for the company—but with the net result of confusion. Engineers in the RD department are creating a product with â€Å"must have† features for which (as the marketing group could have told them) customers will not pay; the sales force is selling customers on quick turnaround times and customized offerings even though the manufacturing group has just invested in equipment designed for long production runs; and so on. If you pass a magnet over those ? ings, what happens? They line up. Similarly, a well-understood statement of strategy aligns behavior within the business. It allows everyone in the organization to make individual choices that reinforce one another, rendering those 10,000 employees exponentially more effective. What goes into a good statement of strategy? Michael Porter’s seminal article â€Å"What Is Strategy? † (HBR November–December 1996) lays out the char acteristics of strategy in a conceptual fashion, conveying the essence of strategic choices and distinguishing them from the relentless but competitively fruitless search for operational ef? iency. However, we have found in our work both with executives and with students that Porter’s article does not answer the more basic question of how to describe a particular ? rm’s strategy. It is a dirty little secret that most executives don’t actually know what all the elements of a strategy statement are, which makes it impossible for them to develop one. With a clear de? nition, though, two things happen: First, formulation becomes in? nitely easier because executives know what they are trying to create. Second, implementation becomes much simpler because the strategy’s essence can be readily communicated and easily internalized by everyone in the organization. Elements of a Strategy Statement The late Mike Rukstad, who contributed enormously to this article, identi? ed three critical components of a good strategy statement— objective, scope, and advantage—and rightly believed that executives should be forced to be crystal clear about them. You read "Can You Say What Your Strategy Is" in category "Papers" These elements are a simple yet suf? cient list for any strategy (whether business or military) that addresses competitive interaction over unbounded terrain. Any strategy statement must begin with a de? nition of the ends that the strategy is designed to achieve. â€Å"If you don’t know where you are going, any road will get you there† is the appropriate maxim here. If a nation has an unclear sense of what it seeks to achieve from a military campaign, how can it have a hope of attaining its goal? The de? nition of the objective should include not only an end point but also a time frame for reaching it. A strategy to get U. S. troops out of Iraq at some distant point in the future would be very different from a strategy to bring them home within two years. Since most ? rms compete in a more or less unbounded landscape, it is also crucial to de? ne the scope, or domain, of the business: the part of the landscape in which the ? rm will operate. What are the boundaries beyond which it will not venture? If you are planning to enter the restaurant business, will you provide sit-down or quick service? A casual or an upscale atmosphere? What type of food will you offer—French or Mexican? What geographic area will you serve—the Midwest or the East Coast? Alone, these two aspects of strategy are insuf? ient. You could go into business tomorrow with the goal of becoming the world’s largest hamburger chain within 10 years. But will anyone invest in your company if you have not explained how you are going to reach your objective? Your competitive advantage is the essence of your strategy: What harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 2 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? your business will do differently from or better t han others de? nes the all-important means by which you will achieve your stated objective. That advantage has complementary external and internal components: a value proposition that explains why the targeted customer should buy your product above all the alternatives, and a description of how internal activities must be aligned so that only your ? rm can deliver that value proposition. De? ning the objective, scope, and advantage requires trade-offs, which Porter identi? ed as fundamental to strategy. If a ? rm chooses to pursue growth or size, it must accept that pro? tability will take a back seat. If it chooses to serve institutional clients, it may ignore retail customers. If the value proposition is lower prices, the company will not be able to compete on, for example, fashion or ? t. Finally, if the advantage comes from scale economies, the ? rm will not be able to accommodate idiosyncratic customer needs. Such trade-offs are what distinguish individual companies strategically. De? ning the Objective The ? rst element of a strategy statement is the one that most companies have in some A Hierarchy of Company Statements Organizational direction comes in several forms. The mission statement is your loftiest guiding light—and your least speci? c. As you work your way down the hierarchy, the statements become more concrete, practical, and ultimately unique. No other company will have the same strategy statement, which de? nes your competitive advantage, or balanced scorecard, which tracks how you implement your particular strategy. MISSION Why we exist VALUES What we believe in and how we will behave VISION What we want to be STRATEGY What our competitive game plan will be BALANCED SCORECARD How we will monitor and implement that plan The BASIC ELEMENTS of a Strategy Statement OBJECTIVE = Ends SCOPE = Domain ADVANTAGE = Means form or other. Unfortunately, the form is usually wrong. Companies tend to confuse their statement of values or their mission with their strategic objective. A strategic objective is not, for example, the platitude of â€Å"maximizing shareholder wealth by exceeding customer expectations for _______ [insert product or service here] and providing opportunities for our employees to lead ful? lling lives while respecting the environment and the communities in which we operate. † Rather, it is the single precise objective that will drive the business over the next ? ve years or so. (See the exhibit â€Å"A Hierarchy of Company Statements. ) Many companies do have—and all ? rms should have—statements of their ultimate purpose and the ethical values under which they will operate, but neither of these is the strategic objective. The mission statement spells out the underlying motivation for being in business in the ? rst place—the contribution to society that the ? rm aspires to make. (An insurance company, for example, might de? ne its mission as providing ? nancial security to consumers. ) Such statements, however, are not useful as strategic goals to drive today’s business decisions. Similarly, it is good and proper that ? ms be clear with employees about ethical values. But principles such as respecting individual differences and sustaining the environment are not strategic. They govern how employees should behave (â€Å"doing things right†); they do not guide what the ? rm should do (â€Å"the right thing to do†). Firms in the same business often have the same mission. (Don’t all insurance companies aspire to provide ? nancial security to their customers? ) They may also have the same values. They might even share a vision: an indeterminate future goal such as being the â€Å"recognized leader in the insurance ? eld. However, it is unlikely that even two companies in the same business will have the same strategic objecti ve. Indeed, if your ? rm’s strategy can be applied to any other ? rm, you don’t have a very good one. It is always easy to claim that maximizing shareholder value is the company’s objective. In some sense all strategies are designed to do this. However, the question to ask when creating an actionable strategic statement is, Which objective is most likely to maximize shareholder value over the next several years? harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 3 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? Growth? Achieving a certain market share? Becoming the market leader? ) The strategic objective should be speci? c, measurable, and time bound. It should also be a single goal. It is not suf? cient to say, â€Å"We seek to grow pro? tably. † Which matters more—growth or pro? tability? A salesperson needs to know the answer when she’s deciding how aggressive to be on price. There could well be a host of subordinate goals that follow from the strategic objective, and these might serve as metrics on a balanced scorecard that monitors progress for which individuals will be held accountable. Yet the ultimate objective that will drive the operation of the business over the next several years should always be clear. The choice of objective has a profound impact on a ? rm. When Boeing shifted its primary goal from being the largest player in the aircraft industry to being the most profitable, it had to restructure the entire organization, from sales to manufacturing. For example, the company dropped its policy of competing with Airbus to the last cent on every deal and abandoned its commitment to maintain a manufacturing capacity that could deliver more than half a peak year’s demand for planes. Another company, after years of seeking to maximize pro? ts at the expense of growth, issued a corporate mandate to generate at least 10% organic growth per year. The change in strategy forced the ? rm to switch its focus from shrinking to serve only its pro? table core customers and competing on the basis of cost or ef? ciency to differentiating its products, which led to a host of new product features and services that appealed to a wider set of customers. At Edward Jones, discussion among the partners about the ? rm’s objective ignited a passionate exchange. One said, â€Å"Our ultimate objective has to be maximizing pro? t per partner. † Another responded, â€Å"Not all ? nancial advisers are partners—so if we maximize revenue per partner, we are ignoring the other 30,000-plus people who make the business work! † Another added, â€Å"Our ultimate customer is the client. We cannot just worry about partner pro? ts. In fact, we should start by maximizing value for the customer and let the pro? ts ? ow to us from there! † And so on. This intense debate not only drove alignment with the objective of healthy growth in the number of ? ancial advisers but also ensured that every implication of that choice was fully explored. Setting an ambitious growth target at each point in its 85-year history, Edward Jones has continually increased its scale and market presence. Striving to achieve such growth has increased long-term pro? t per adviser and led the ? rm to its unique con? guration: Its only pro? t center is the ind ividual ? nancial adviser. Other activities, even investment banking, serve as support functions and are not held accountable for generating pro? t. De? ning the Scope A ? m’s scope encompasses three dimensions: customer or offering, geographic location, and vertical integration. Clearly de? ned boundaries in those areas should make it obvious to managers which activities they should concentrate on and, more important, which they should not do. The three dimensions may vary in relevance. For Edward Jones, the most important is the customer. The ? rm is con? gured to meet the needs of one very speci? c type of client. Unlike just about every other brokerage in the business, Jones does not de? ne its archetypal customer by net worth or income. Nor does it use demographics, profession, or spending habits. Rather, the de? nition is psychographic: The company’s customers are long-term investors who have a conservative investment philosophy and are uncomfortable making serious ? nancial decisions without the support of a trusted adviser. In the terminology of the business, Jones targets the â€Å"delegator,† not the â€Å"validator† or the â€Å"do-it-yourselfer. † The scope of an enterprise does not prescribe exactly what should be done within the speci? ed bounds. In fact, it encourages experimentation and initiative. But to ensure that the borders are clear to all employees, the scope should specify where the ? rm or business will not go. That will prevent managers from spending long hours on projects that get turned down by higher-ups because they do not ? t the strategy. For example, clarity about who the customer is and who it is not has kept Edward Jones from pursuing day traders. Even at the height of the internet bubble, the company chose not to introduce online trading (it is harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 4 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? till not available to Jones customers). Unlike the many brokerages that committed hundreds of millions of dollars and endless executive hours to debates over whether to introduce online trading (and if so, how to price and position it in a way that did not cannibalize or con? ict with traditional offerings), Jones wasted no money or time on that decision because it had set clear boundaries. Similarly, Jones is not vertically integrate d into proprietary mutual funds, so as not to violate the independence of its ? nancial advisers and undermine clients’ trust. Nor will he company offer penny stocks, shares from IPOs, commodities, or options—investment products that it believes are too risky for the conservative clients it chooses to serve. And it does not have metropolitan of? ces in business districts, because they would not allow for the convenient, face-to-face interactions in casual settings that the ? rm seeks to provide. Knowing not to extend its scope in these directions has allowed the ? rm to focus on doing what it does well and reap the bene? ts of simplicity, standardization, and deep experience. De? ning the Advantage Wal-Mart’s Value Proposition Wal-Mart’s value proposition can be summed up as â€Å"everyday low prices for a broad range of goods that are always in stock in convenient geographic locations. † It is those aspects of the customer experience that the company overdelivers relative to competitors. Underperformance on other dimensions, such as ambience and sales help, is a strategic choice that generates cost savings, which fuel the company’s price advantage. If the local mom-and-pop hardware store has survived, it also has a value proposition: convenience, proprietors who have known you for years, free coffee and doughnuts on Saturday mornings, and so on. Sears falls in the middle on many criteria. As a result, customers lack a lot of compelling reasons to shop there, which goes a long way toward explaining why the company is struggling to remain pro? table. Customer purchase criteria* Low prices Selection across categories Rural convenience Reliable prices In-stock merchandise Merchandise quality Suburban convenience Selection within categories Sales help Ambience poor Delivery on criteria * in approximate order of importance to Wal-Mart’s target customer group Source: Jan Rivkin, Harvard Business School Mom pop stores Sears Wal-Mart excellent Given that a sustainable competitive advantage is the essence of strategy, it should be no surprise that advantage is the most critical aspect of a strategy statement. Clarity about what makes the ? rm distinctive is what most helps employees understand how they can contribute to successful execution of its strategy. As mentioned above, the complete de? nition of a ? rm’s competitive advantage consists of two parts. The ? rst is a statement of the customer value proposition. Any strategy statement that cannot explain why customers should buy your product or service is doomed to failure. A simple graphic that maps your value proposition against those of rivals can be an extremely easy and useful way of identifying what makes yours distinctive. (See the exhibit â€Å"Wal-Mart’s Value Proposition. †) The second part of the statement of advantage captures the unique activities or the complex combination of activities allowing that ? rm alone to deliver the customer value proposition. This is where the strategy statement draws from Porter’s de? nition of strategy as making consistent choices about the con? guration of the ? rm’s activities. It is also where the activity-system map that Porter describes in â€Å"What Is Strategy? comes into play. As the exhibit â€Å"Edward Jones’s ActivitySystem Map† shows, the brokerage’s value proposition is to provide convenient, trusted, personal service and advice. What is most distinctive about Jones is that it has only one ? nancial adviser in an of? ce, which allows it to have mor e of? ces (10,000 nationally) than competitors do. Merrill Lynch has about 15,000 brokers but only 1,000 of? ces. To make it easy for its targeted customers to visit at their convenience—and to provide a relaxed, harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 5 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? ersonable, nonthreatening environment— Jones puts its of? ces in strip malls and the retail districts of rural areas and suburbs rather than high-rise buildings in the central business districts of big cities. These choices alone require Jones to differ radically from other brokerages in the con? guration of its activities. With no branch-of? ce management providing direction or support, each ? nancial adviser must be an entrepreneur who delights in running his or her own operation. Since such people are an exception in the industry, Jones has to bring all its own ? ancial advisers in from other industries or backgrounds and train them, at great expense. Until 2007, when it sw itched to an internet-based service, the ? rm had to have its own satellite network to provide its widely dispersed of? ces with real-time quotes and allow them to execute trades. Because the company has 10,000 separate of? ces, its real estate and communication costs are about 50% higher than the industry average. However, all those of? ces allow the ? nancial advisers who run them to deliver convenient, trusted, personal service and advice. Other successful players in this industry also have distinctive value propositions Edward Jones’s Activity-System Map This map illustrates how activities at the brokerage Edward Jones connect to deliver competitive advantage. The ? rm’s customer value proposition appears near the center of the map—in the â€Å"customer relationship† bubble—and the supporting activities hang off it. Only the major connections are shown. TARGET CUSTOMER individual conservative delegates decisions PRODUCT blue chips PRICE one-time commission mutual funds HEADQUARTERS St. Louis home of? e for all activities TECHNOLOGY satellite (historically) LOCATION rural suburban strip mall REGIONAL STRUCTURE no regional management COMPENSATION each ? nancial adviser is a pro? t center ONE FINANCIAL ADVISER PER OFFICE advisers run their own of? ces MARKETING local mailings knocking on doors INVESTMENT PHILOSOPHY long-term buy and hold CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP face-to-face convenient tru sted ? nancial adviser VALUES CULTURE volunteerism mentoring BRANCH SUPPORT branch-of? ce assistant OWNERSHIP partnership, not public BROKER TYPE entrepreneur member of community HIRE TRAIN hire from outside industry internally train all ? ancial advisers harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 6 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? and unique con? gurations of activities to support them. Merrill Lynch. During the ? ve-year tenure of former CEO Stan O’Neal, who retired in October 2007, Merrill Lynch developed an effective strategy that it called â€Å"Total Merrill. † The company’s value proposition: to provide for all the ? nancial needs of its high-net-worth customers—those with liquid ? nancial assets of more than $250,000—through retirement. While a lot of brokerages cater to people with a high net worth, they focus on asset accumulation before retirement. Merrill’s view is that as baby boomers age and move from the relatively simple phase of accumulating assets to the much more complex, higher-risk phase of drawing cash from their retirement accounts, their needs change. During this stage, they will want to consolidate their ? nancial assets with a single trusted partner that can help them ? gure out how to optimize income over their remaining years by making the best decisions on everything from annuities to payout ratios to long-term-care insurance. Merrill offers coherent ? nancial plans for The Strategic Sweet Spot The strategic sweet spot of a company is where it meets customers’ needs in a way that rivals can’t, given the context in which it competes. CONTEXT (technology, industry demographics, regulation, and so on) COMPETITORS’ offerings CUSTOMERS’ needs SWEET SPOT COMPANY’S capabilities such customers and provides access to a very wide range of sophisticated products based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the probabilities of running out of money according to different annual rates of return on different categories of assets. How does Merrill intend to deliver this value to its chosen customers in a way that’s unique among large ? ms? First, it is pushing brokers—especially new ones—to become certi? ed ? nancial planners and has raised internal training requirements to put them on that road. The certi? ed ? nancial planner license is more dif? cult for brokers to obtain than the standard Series 7 license, because it requires candidates to have a college degree and to master nearly 100 integrated ? nancialplanning topics. Second, Merrill offers all forms of insurance, annuities, covered calls, hedge funds, banking services, and so on (unlike Edward Jones, which offers a much more limited menu of investment products). Since several of these products are technically complex, Merrill needs product specialists to support the client-facing broker. This â€Å"Team Merrill† organization poses very different HR and compensation issues from those posed by Edward Jones’s single-adviser of? ces. Merrill’s compensation system has to share income among the team members and reward referrals. Wells Fargo. This San Francisco bank competes in the brokerage business as part of its tactic to cross-sell services to its retail banking customers in order to boost pro? t per customer. It aims to sell each customer at least eight different products. ) Wells Fargo’s objective for its brokerage arm, clearly stated in a recent annual report, is to triple its share of customers’ ? nancial assets. The brokerage’s means for achieving this goal is the parent company’s database of 23 million customers, many of them brought into the ? rm through one particular aspect of the bankin g relationship: the mortgage. Wells Fargo differs from Edward Jones and Merrill Lynch in its aim to offer personalized, rather than personal, service. For example, the ? m’s IT system allows a bank clerk to know a limited amount of information about a customer (name, birthday, and so on) and appear to be familiar with him or her, which is quite different from the ongoing individual relationships that Jones and Merrill brokers have with their clients. harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 7 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? LPL Financial. Different again is LPL Financial, with of? ces in Boston, San Diego, and Charlotte, North Carolina. LPL sees its brokers (all of whom are independent ? nancial advisers af? liated with the ? rm) rather than consumers as its clients and has con? ured all of its activities to provide individualized solutions and the highest payouts to its brokers. This means that the vast majority of the activities performed by the corporate headquar ters staff are services, such as training, that brokers choose and pay for on an a la carte basis. As a result, LPL’s headquarters staff is very small (0. 20 people per broker) compared with that of Edward Jones (1. 45 people per broker). Low overhead allows LPL to offer a higher payout to brokers than Jones and Merrill do, which is its distinctive value proposition to its chosen customer: the broker. By now it should be apparent how a careful description of the unique activities a ? rm performs to generate a distinctive customer value proposition effectively captures its strategy. A relatively simple description in a strategy statement provides an incisive characterization that could not belong to any other ? rm. This is the goal. When that statement has been internalized by all employees, they can easily understand how their daily activities contribute to the overall success of the ? rm and how to correctly make the dif? cult choices they confront in their jobs. Developing a Strategy Statement How, then, should a ? rm go about crafting its strategy statement? Obviously, the ? rst step is to create a great strategy, which requires careful evaluation of the industry landscape. Leaving No Room for Misinterpretation Executives at Edward Jones have developed a detailed understanding of every element of the ? rm’s strategy. Here is an example. †conservativeâ€Å" Our investment philosophy is long-term buy and hold. We do not sell penny stocks, commodities, or other high-risk instruments. As a result we do not serve day traders and see no need to offer online trading. We charge commissions on trades because this is the cheapest way to buy stocks (compared with a wrap fee, which charges annually as a percentage of assets) when the average length of time the investor holds the stock or mutual fund is over 10 years. †individualâ€Å" We do not advise institutions or companies. We do not segment according to wealth, age, or other demographics. The company will serve all customers that ? t its conservative investment philosophy. Brokers will call on any and every potential customer. Stories abound within Jones of millionaires who live in trailers—people all the other brokerages would never think of approaching. investorsâ€Å" Our basic service is investment. We do not seek to offer services such as checking accounts for their own sake, but only as part of the management of a client’s assets. †who delegate their ? nancial decisionsâ€Å" We do not target self-directed do-it-yourselfers, who are comfortable making their own investment decisions. We are also unlikely to serve validators, who are merely looking for reassurance that their decisions are correct. Edward Jones’s Strategy Statement To grow to 17,000 ? nancial advisers by 2012 by offering trusted and convenient face-to-face ? ancial advice to conservative individual investors who delegate their ? nancial decisions, through a national network of one-? nancialadviser of? ces. harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 8 Can You Say What Your Strategy Is? This includes developing a detailed understanding of customer needs, segmenting customers, and then identifying unique ways of creating value for the ones the ? rm chooses to serve. It also calls for an analysis of competitors’ current strategies and a prediction of how they might change in the future. The process must involve a rigorous, objective assessment of the ? m’s capabilities and resources and those of competitors, as described in â€Å"Competing on Resources: Strategy in the 1990s,† by David J. Collis and Cynthia A. Montgomery (HBR July–August 1995)—not just a feel-good exercise of identifying core competencies. The creative part of developing strategy is ? nding the sweet spot that aligns the ? rm’s capabilities with customer needs in a way that competitors cannot match given the changing external context—factors such as technology, industry demographics, and regulation. (See the exhibit â€Å"The Strategic Sweet Spot. ) We have found that one of the best ways to do this is to develop two or three plausible but very different strategic options. For example, ? eshing out two dramatically different alternatives—becoming a cheap Red Lobster or a ? sh McDonald’s—helped executives at the Long John Silver’s chain of restaurants understand the strategic choices that they had to make. They had been trying to do a bit of everything, and this exercise showed them that their initiativ es—such as offering early-evening table service and expanding drive-through service—were strategically inconsistent. Competing on the basis of table service requires bigger restaurants and more employees, while drive-through service requires high-traf? c locations and smaller footprints. ) As a result, they chose to be a ? sh McDonald’s, building smaller restaurants with drive-through service in hightraf? c locations. The process of developing the strategy and then crafting the statement that captures its essence in a readily communicable manner should involve employees in all parts of the company and at all levels of the hierarchy. The wording of the strategy statement should be worked through in painstaking detail. In fact, that can be the most powerful part of the strategy development process. It is usually in heated discussions over the choice of a single word that a strategy is crystallized and executives truly understand what it will involve. The end result should be a brief statement that re? ects the three elements of an effective strategy. It should be accompanied by detailed annotations that elucidate the strategy’s nuances (to preempt any possible misreading) and spell out its implications. See the exhibit â€Å"Leaving No Room for Misinterpretation. †) When the strategy statement is circulated throughout the company, the value proposition chart and activity-system map should be attached. They serve as simple reminders of the twin aspects of competitive advantage that underpin the strategy. Cascading the statement throughout the organization, so that each level of management will be the teacher for the level below, becomes the starting point for incorporating strategy into everyone’s behavior. The strategy will really have traction only when executives can be con? ent that the actions of empowered frontline employees will be guided by the same principles that they themselves follow. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ The value of rhetoric should not be underestimated. A 35-word statement can have a substantial impact on a company’s success. Words do lead to action. Spending the time to develop the few words that truly capture your strategy and that will energize and empower your people will raise the long-term ? nancial performance of your organization. Reprint R0804E To order, see the next page or call 800-988-0886 or 617-783-7500 or go to www. br. org harvard business review †¢ april 2008 page 9 Further Reading The Harvard Business Review Paperback Series Here are the landmark ideas—both contemporary and classic—that have established Harvard B usiness Review as required reading for businesspeople around the globe. Each paperback includes eight of the leading articles on a particular business topic. The series includes over thirty titles, including the following best-sellers: Harvard Business Review on Brand Management Product no. 1445 Harvard Business Review on Change Product no. 842 Harvard Business Review on Leadership Product no. 8834 Harvard Business Review on Managing People Product no. 9075 Harvard Business Review on Measuring Corporate Performance Product no. 8826 For a complete list of the Harvard Business Review paperback series, go to www. hbr. org. To Order For Harvard Business Review reprints and subscriptions, call 800-988-0886 or 617-783-7500. Go to www. hbr. org For customized and quantity orders of Harvard Business Review article reprints, call 617-783-7626, or e-mail customizations@hbsp. harvard. edu page 10 How to cite Can You Say What Your Strategy Is, Papers

Persuasive Essay Defining Freedom As Found In The Theme(S) Of The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn Example For Students

Persuasive Essay: Defining Freedom As Found In The Theme(S) Of The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn EARLY INFLUENCES ON HUCKLEBERRY FINNMark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novelabout a young boys coming of age in the Missouri of the mid-1800s. Themain character, Huckleberry Finn, spends much time in the novel floatingdown the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Before he does so, however, Huck spends some time in the fictional town ofSt. Petersburg where a number of people attempt to influence him. Before the novel begins, Huck Finn has led a life of absolutefreedom. His drunken and often missing father has never paid muchattention to him; his mother is dead and so, when the novel begins, Huck isnot used to following any rules. The books opening finds Huck living withthe Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Both women are fairly oldand are really somewhat incapable of raising a rebellious boy like HuckFinn. Nevertheless, they attempt to make Huck into what they believe willbe a better boy. Specifically, they attempt, as Huck says, to sivilizehim. This process includes making Huck go to school, teaching him variousreligious facts, and making him act in a way that the women find sociallyacceptable. Huck, who has never had to follow many rules in his life,finds the demands the women place upon him constraining and the life withthem lonely. As a result, soon after he first moves in with them, he runsaway. He soon comes back, but, even though he becomes somewhat comfortablewit h his new life as the months go by, Huck never really enjoys the life ofmanners, religion, and education that the Widow and her sister impose uponhim. Huck believes he will find some freedom with Tom Sawyer. Tomis a boy of Hucks age who promises Huck and other boys of the town a lifeof adventure. Huck is eager to join Tom Sawyers Gang because he feelsthat doing so will allow him to escape the somewhat boring life he leadswith the Widow Douglas. Unfortunately, such an escape does not occur. TomSawyer promises muchrobbing stages, murdering and ransoming people,kidnaping beautiful womenbut none of this comes to pass. Huck finds outtoo late that Toms adventures are imaginary: that raiding a caravan ofA-rabs really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic,that stolen joolry is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck isdisappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, alongwith the other members, he resigns from the gang. Another person who tries to get Huckleberry Finn to change isPap, Hucks father. Pap is one of the most astonishing figures in all ofAmerican literature as he is completely antisocial and wishes to undo allof the civilizing effects that the Widow and Miss Watson have attempted toinstill in Huck. Pap is a mess: he is unshaven; his hair is uncut andhangs like vines in front of his face; his skin, Huck says, is white like afishs belly or like a tree toads. Paps savage appearance reflects hisfeelings as he demands that Huck quit school, stop reading, and avoidchurch. Huck is able to stay away from Pap for a while, but Pap kidnapsHuck three or four months after Huck starts to live with the Widow andtakes him to a lonely cabin deep in the Missouri woods. Here, Huck enjoys,once again, the freedom that he had prior to the beginning of the book. Hecan smoke, laze around, swear, and, in general, do what he wants to do. .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .postImageUrl , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:hover , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:visited , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:active { border:0!important; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:active , .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1bf75956bf1952a0a638a69330f28b4e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Universally Accepted Declaration of Human Rights EssayHowever, as he did with the Widow and with Tom, Huck begins to becomedissatisfied with this life. Pap is too handy with the hickory and Hucksoon realizes that he will have to escape from the cabin if he wishes toremain alive. As a result of his concern, Huck makes it appear as if he iskilled in the cabin while Pap is away, and leaves to go to a remote islandin the Mississippi River, Jacksons Island. It is after he leaves his fathers cabin that Huck joins yetanother important influence in his life: Miss Watsons slave, Jim. Priorto Hucks leaving, Jim has been a minor character in the novelhe has beenshown being fooled by Tom Sawyer and telling Hucks fortune. Huck findsJim on Jacksons Island because the slave has run awayhe has overheard aconversation that he will

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Contemporary High Performance Computing †Assignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary High Performance Computing. Answer: Introduction: It is foolishly thought that the history comprises of dusty facts and various faded images. There is a notion that the history never matters and is irrelevant and inessential in growth. However studying history has actually proved that people could turn out to be a more efficient designer. They could create work with higher reason refined meaning and stringer justification (Holt, 2014). In the following essay the notion is debunked. First of all the visualgraphic design is chosen as the instance to justify the theme. Three major reasons are demonstrated here. They states that the graphic design history has been providing with extending the ideas, direct references or borrowing ideas and developing critical judgment for success and failure. The graphic designing history has been providing the extension of the ideas. History has the same importance as that of the theory. The eyes and brains have been working in the same way through generations. The scenario alters but the visual communication principles survive (Howell Christensen, 2013). Here history helps in understanding the principles. In order to understand and utilize the part of theory appropriately, there is a necessity to know why that has turned to be worth working. The conditions in which it was developed first and utilized, the reason behind its success and the original audience and purpose could be determined (Bass et al., 2015). Without the knowledge it could not be used effectively. Various ideas of the people have been well established. This has been concerned about the relationships between the text and image, balance and color, contrast and texture and many more could be assimilated in the infinite possibilities (Dongarra Luszczek, 2013). Through the knowledge of why and how the ideas have been developed has been helping to use them currently. By knowing the context where they have been born originally helps to view same contexts of present day that the theory could be perfectly matching into. Instead of borrowing the style simple, the concepts about the layout could be explained and learnt upon. What ideas have worked and what have not could be clearly seen. This permits to skip the prior mistakes and the forge forward. This has been treading on the latest ground in the shoes that are familiar with. The graphics designer must be literate enough in designing the history of graphic design. However able to design has not been always satisfied (Fallan, 2013). By knowing the origin of design has been needed to do away with the reinvention. This is no less than the inadvertent plagiarism. The graphic or virtual design has been providing with the, direct references or borrowing of ideas. This is the eye that could look at part of work currently and understand whether it could be hold up in the next few years. Since the people producing aircrafts that have been lasting this period or more, this is a very powerful train to own. That direct references or borrowing of ideas has been developed by the realization. People could view the tasks of the modernists and state that it is impossible to the present to be a sixty years old. Further there have been people like David Carson, who possess strict opinions whose tasks appeared to be somehow chaotic and insult to audience (Dongarra Luszczek, 2013). The most curious fact has been his wild designing comprises of some philosophical elements similar the open and clean pages of modernists. Here, both have been basically concerned regarding the interaction between the content and audience. Their sensibilities were very much different. However history has been permitting to seek the common ground on which they stood. Somehow the fade design still possessed the charm to it after a decade (Huppatz, 2015). History has also been helping to recognize what have not worked. After flicking through the historical literatures, few blips of expression and style could be found. The tasks that have been purely tacky were considered cool, great and funky (Fineder Geisler, 2010). Here history is useful to know what type of the funky existed only for any absurd moment. Moreover the work of the Carson could be considered where the absurd situations devoted the followers it has spawned (Gorman, 2003). This type of the historical education has been helping in understanding what we have been searching for and what the people might think of that in the following years. It also helps in noticing the fad from the endless time. The history of graphic designing has provided with the developing critical judgment for success and failure. The connections made could be seen along with how an instantaneous time could lead to the following, how the ideas and styles have been evolved and what impact the social scenario has played. It has not been sufficient to view Modernism and state simply that they have been the sick of the ornaments (Fineder Geisler, 2010). This has been a childish assumption. What the people have been able to do is to throw Meggs to couch and switch to Wikipedia. From there they learn regarding European, Germanic, Nazism and Facism, the role played by Blackletter, situation of Europe at that time and so on. Then with this latest study in tow, people could better be aware why particular decisions simplicity and cleanliness, unclouded communication has been striving for. Armin Hoffman states that for after all, the poster have been doing more than just supplying data on the efficiency it has advertising, it also revealed the state of mind of the society. This has been neither awful nor poorly written (Sparke, 2013). However this has not been enough. None of the hungers for knowledge could be satisfied with this. And, a good designer is always hungry. Instead of this the statement of Meggs regarding Hoffman could be considered. He stated that as the time moved on Hoffman evolved the philosophy of design in the basis of the primary graphic-form language of the line, point, plane, replacing the conventional pictorial concepts with the modernistic aesthetic (Howell Christensen, 2013). In the work Hoffman has continued to search the dynamic harmony where every part of the design has been unified. He saw the relationship of the contrasting elements in mean of the visual design that is invigorating. The contacts included the curved to the straight and the light to the dark lines. This also included the form to the counter-form, from soft to hard and from the dynamic to the static. This has been with the resolution gained as the designer brought the total to the absolute harmony (Meggs Purvis, 2016). Thus it is seen that what Hoffman has pieced together have not just due to the reason that it was pretty or nice. The main reason was that it was the part of the broader philosophy. Thus it provided the idea how one could develop their philosophy for exploring. A few more studying of history has been leading to know that the philosophy assimilated with the others from area developed and came to be known as the Swiss design internationally. These ideas have been pushed forward by the 1959 publication named New Graphic Design. Josef Muller-Brockman was one of the editors. Here the connections and the origin of the work-changing movement have been found. These threads have been almost limitless as one dive into deeper and deeper (Bass et al., 2015). The history has been generally the awful boring topic for subject the people to. This has not been the fault of the events that took place. However this also been those who have been speaking of them (Howell Christensen, 2013). The truth is that it has been often up to the people to seen interest in history. Hence people must pick at the loose end where they find interest, tug and tear and pull that. This is to be done till the threads that must run through the decades of ideas. This also involves the beauty from where one could learn volume and witness how the profession is evolving (Heskett, 2005). As the past is understood, people would continue the culture legacy of the beautiful format and efficient communication better. As this legacy is ignored, people run the risk to become buried in the mindless morass of the communication. Its mole-like perspective neglects the human needs and values as that burrows forward towards darkness. The importance of history has been underestimated largely and it has not been about memorizing the dates. It has been regarding the making sense of relationships in the events and people to achieve greater context around time. The design theory has not been different. Any history is usually told via the people who are considered vital to that subject. The design history is stated by the ideas and works of the designers that have been considered among the best and those who moved the improved the design by important contribution. It has been worth understanding the long term patterns and repetitions in trends. The more instances of the good design is observed in history, the more confident the people become to decide what has been good or bad for themselves. References: Bass, S., Beall, L., Bernbach, B., Chwast, S., Crouwel, W., Glaser, M., ... Muller-Brockmann, J. (2015). The Life of Artist Edward Sorel.Life. Dongarra, J., Luszczek, P. (2013). HPC challenge: design, history, and implementation highlights.Contemporary High Performance Computing: From Petascale Toward Exascale, 13-30. Fallan, K. (2013). De-tooling Design History: To What Purpose and for Whom Do We Write?.Design and Culture,5(1), 13-19. Fineder, M., Geisler, T. (2010). Design Criticism and Critical Design in the Writings of Victor Papanek (19231998). Journal of Design History, 23(1), 99-106. doi: 10.1093/jdh/epp067 Gorman, C.R. (ed)(2003). The industrial design reader. New York: Allworth Press. Heskett, J. (2005). Design: a very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Holt, A. (2014). Designers on Design: Research into Graphic Design History. Howell, B., Christensen, K. (2013). Out of the lecture and into the studio: a new take on teaching design history. InDS 76: Proceedings of EPDE 2013, the 15th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Dublin, Ireland, 05-06.09. 2013. Huppatz, D. J. (2015). Globalizing Design History and Global Design History.Journal of Design History,28(2), 182-202. Meggs, P. B., Purvis, A. W. (2016).Meggs' History of Graphic Design. John Wiley Sons. Raizman, P. (2010). History of Modern Design: Graphics and Products since the Industrial Revolution. 2nd edition. London: Lawrence King Sparke, P. (2013). An Introduction to Design and Culture: 1900 to the Present, 3rd edition. London: Routledge.

Oriental Art Essay Example For Students

Oriental Art Essay Oriental art is very distinct from other parts of the world. In their sculptures they still used such materials as clay, wood, and bronzes. However there art work promoted such things as goodness in nature, serenity, graceful balance, spiritual perfection, and a mystical harmony within themselves. There work avoided confusion, conflict and violent emotions at all costs. New or unprecedented experiments in their art work was never welcomed, and the expression of nobility and inner worth where demanded. Ultimately oriental art was said to be â€Å"a way of being†, but to understand this you must look at the words of the great Chinese philosopher Confucius who said â€Å"Raise yourself to the beautiful.† However not all Oriental art is the same, and to see the difference and the influences of their art you need to look at the area’s of China, Japan, and Korea. The Neolithic inhabitants of China were energetic in their pottery, and where the first to practice this art, in which China has remained supreme in until recent times. Not very much is known about the earliest Chinese craftsman or the society that produced them, other than the fact that they lived in pounded earth settlements in northern Honan, Shangtung, and Kansu. These early craftsman created fine pottery, and especially beautiful vessels for funerals which where used for food and other provisions for the dead. These craftsmen where taught to honor the â€Å"five rulers† who had taught their forefathers how to raise silk worms, catch fish, domesticate animals, plow, reap and use the wheel for transportation and for throwing pottery. The Shang people came into history half way through the second millennium B.C., these people also lived in pounded earth settlements, and made funeral vessels. These people established the li which was the basic metallic shape used in their bro nzes. Not only was the li used, but also other shapes have been discovered. In recent excavations, thousands of different vessels have been found, however it is possible to distinguish about forty basic shapes of the vessels. Each vessel served a different purpose in sacrifice or funeral ceremonies. Some where used for wine and water, some for storing foods, while others where used for cooking meats. The Shang dynasty have left some sculptures as original and different as there bronzes. However none of the large statue survived excavations. The importance of the excavations cannot be overemphasized. Who would have imagined an ancient culture so rich that they actually created stone sculptures, wheel made pottery, carved jade, and bronzes, which have never been surpassed. Too often when people speak of â€Å"Oriental art† they think that both China and Japan developed in the same way and the same time. This statement however is false, and the Japanese art did not start till several years after Chinese art did. The first forms of Japanese art can be looked at through the Jomon people, who where nomadic hunters and fishers. A number of human figurines and fertility gods have been found, also vessels made by the coiled clay method. The name Jomon, actually means â€Å"coiled rope†. The figures made by these people seem to be very imaginative, and possibly inspired by a fear in supernatural forces. The figures where made to be viewed only from the front, and although there where simply molded, some did have very elaborate decorations. When contacts with Asia and China where made, the style of Buddhist art was developed. This new form inspired sculptors and painters to have totally new viewpoints on their art. The Korean society was extremely influenced by Chinese culture. This did not stop Korean artists and craftsman from making their own original and distinct contributions to the world of art. In an expedition in 1909 many tombs where unearthed. In them they found mirrors weapons, lacquer objects, pottery, and ritual jades. Most of these items however where said to be from China and this proved the close contacts between the two countries. The Great Silla period was the first and most interesting periods of Korean art. Things that where found during this period of time where openwork metal ornaments, jewelry, images and pendants, which where meant to word off evil spirits. Pottery was also very popular during this time period, and some forms of fired gray pottery have been found. Wars and invasions have destroyed some of the finest works of art during this period. The most important remains are the ruins of a temple at Pluguk-sa. In this temple all that remain are stone stairways, balus trade, pagodas, and two bronze sculptures with these you can only imagine its original beauty. .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .postImageUrl , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:hover , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:visited , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:active { border:0!important; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:active , .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9fc83204f467d7f9c7310ad99196910d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Definition EssayOriental art goes far back, it is the first form of sculpture and pottery, and is very distinct from other parts of the world. However many variations of Oriental art still exicst such as Chinese, Japanese and Asian. Arts and Paintings